<DOC>
<DOCNO>
580
</DOCNO>
<TITLE>
new thermo-mechanical reciprocity relations with application
to thermal stress analysis .
</TITLE>
<AUTHOR>
 biot,m.a.
</AUTHOR>
<BIBLIO>
j. ae. scs. 26, 1959.
</BIBLIO>
<TEXT>
  based on the variational formulation of linear thermodynamics
as developed previously by the writer, thermomechanical
reciprocity relations are discussed which lead to new methods of
analysis of thermal stresses .  these reciprocity relations are quite
different from the usual ones derived from the analogy of thermal
loading with a combination of surface and body-force distribution .
the results are applicable to stationary and transient temperatures
in elastic and viscoelastic structures .  the methods are
entirely variational and do not require the evaluation of the
temperature field .  the stresses at one point are expressed directly
in terms of any arbitrary distribution temperatures applied
externally, including the effect of surface heat-transfer layer .
the concepts and procedures are illustrated on a simple example
.  the relation is pointed out between the reciprocity
property and the generalization of castigliano's principle to
thermomechanics .
</TEXT>
</DOC>
